11. Defensive structures Kyiv (textbook)

Source 4. Plan of fortifications and modern look

Kiev ukriprayonu - pillboxes (30-40 years of XX century.)

Glossary

Ukriprayon - A system of defensive structures on the approaches to the city. Consisted of multiple lines or steel reinforced concrete pillboxes (Permanent firing points), armed with cannons and machine guns, antitank ditches, minefields, etc..

Consider comparing:

- Has changed in the location of fortifications? What This can be explained?

- Compare with fortifications fortifications KyURu Kiev fortress. What are the differences? Why?

- What is the potholes on doti shown in source 4?

Strengthening the city may be more or weaker. But history knows many cases where the fortress seemed to were considered impregnable. She knows many cases where there is fenced city to become enemies fortress. After all, the main force of any Fortress - people, their courage, willingness to sacrifice.

Source 5

(A) From paintings V. Shatalin

Defense Kyiv the Mongols

(B) From "Annals Rus'? "

"1240. Batu came to Kyiv with a large force and besieged city. And surrounded [Kyiv] force Tatar, and was in the garden

 great siege.

And Batu set vices at garden gate Lyadsky? vices and continually beat day and night. Vibo they wall, and

out Residents are divided on the wall, and it was here vydity as breaking spears and rozkolyuvalysya boards, [and] boom overshadowed

 defeated world and Dmitri was wounded. Citizens have another friend around strengthening [church] of Saint Mary

[Tithes].

A morrow after [Tatars] on them, and battles between them was great. People in the meantime and ran out to the church and the vault

 church with their bag and baggage, [and] the burden of fallen units from the walls of the church, and so strengthening was taken [Tatar]

 voinamy. Dmitry is brought [to Batu] wounded, but they killed him because of his courage. "

(C) Konstantin Stogniy subsidizes the defense number 131.

"In August 1941 he [dot] repelled all attacks of the Germans. 

Four days Nazis could not approach him.

 DVT defense has kept 11 people with 3 rd Brigade airborne troops 

under the command V. Yakunin. They seem abandoned. ? 

Then the water began to dot with flame-throwers, until it became red. "

Let us consider:

-          uniting these sources?

-          Defenders Kyiv in 1240 and in 1941 could not understand his situation. Why are not they lay down their arms before the enemy?

Source 6. Construction of defensive structures in 1941

Let us consider:

-         what the building? What is it?

-         Who works? What are these people?

Help:

             - Technology, which fought in the twentieth century.

    World War II began with Nazi Germany for Kyiv on the first day War, June 22, 1941.

 The first bombings were heard in various parts of the city. Almost immediately, the peaceful city of Kyiv into a strong

 defensive point. The city constructed starting barricades built various fortifications. On rooftops 

been established anti-aircraft machine guns. Almost all businesses start Kyiv pereoriyentovuvatys on the issue of military 

products. The population was recorded in Kyiv militia.

    The first German troops appeared near Kyiv, July 11, 1941. Getting started and 72-day defense of Kyiv. Fights soon 

became difficult and protracted. The same position several times passed from hand to hand. Only September 19 enemy 

managed to break into the city. But the battle for the city treated him too dearly.

    From 1941 to 1943 in Kyiv was the occupation. During this time the population decreased by nearly half. Some died in the fight against invaders. Who could have fled to relatives in villages where you can somehow proharchuvatys. Young exported as slave 

to Germany.

Considerable damage has also been very Kyiv. During battles by city, underground fighting destroyed many houses, 

business, cultural and historical attractions. Practically ruined was the center of town.

History

    Worldwide, Kyiv is famous for the tragedy that took place during occupation. Having occupied the city new authorities began mass executions 

Jews at Babi Yar. Only the first three days were killed nearly 30 thousand people. Ibid rozstrilyuvalys 

and representatives of the Resistance Movement, or even those who were not like the new regime. According to various estimates by occupation, there

 was deleted from 100 to 300 thousand people. September 29-30, honors the memory of days as victims at Babi Yar.

Source 8

Rozpytay adults and say:

-          where the monuments are depicted in the source 8 (a-d);

-          which ones are in your area? What else do you know?

-          Whether you visit the monuments connected with the events of WWII with parents or class? Which days? Why then?

-          Which of the statue had the greatest impression on you? Why?

-    Why monument shown in the form of a woman with a sword and shield.

-     Why complex called the memorial? Why is there a separate room for memory?

Task

Write a mini-work (no more pages) on: Why is it important to remember the victims.