Technical Culture - a plant that is the raw material for further processing in different sectors of the economy. Its function is shared technical culture to fiber, oil, sugar, tonic, starchy, kauchukonosni, narcotic and others. Cultivation of industrial crops is laborious and costly (requires making a large quantity of fertilizers, irrigation, etc.). Because they are grown, mainly in developing countries or countries of middle level of development where, even with extensive farming, the availability of cheap labor, the growing of industrial crops is profitable.
Among fiber crops (cotton, flax, jute, kenaf) is the most common cotton. With him produce many kinds of fabrics, wool, synthetic felt, the seed - oil, waste used as animal feed. Cotton - culture of tropical and subtropical climatic zones. The largest producers and exporters of cotton are China, India, USA, Pakistan, Uzbekistan, Australia, Brazil, Turkey, Africa.
Linen-dovhunets crymophylactic culture. It is grown in Europe and China. In the U.S., Canada, Argentina, India is grown mainly varieties of flax oil (flax kudryash).
most common oil crops are soybean, sunflower, peanut, rapeseed, oil, oil coconut palm. Soybeans are grown mostly in the U.S., China, Brazil, Indonesia, peanuts - in South Asia, West Africa, Argentina.
crops are sugar cane (it accounts for 60% of world production of sugar) and sugar beet (40%). The main exporters of sugar cane - Brazil, Mexico, Cuba, Jamaica, Australia.
Sugar beets are grown in countries with relatively high agriculture (proper crop rotation, high levels of chemicals and mechanization of production) and cattle developed that provide high yield and using waste sugar beet. The main producers of beet sugar are Ukraine, France, Russia.
Tonic crops (bush tea, coffee and kakaove trees) - a plant tropics and subtropics. The largest suppliers of tea leaves to the world market are India, China, Sri Lanka; coffee beans - Brazil, Colombia, the fruits of cocoa - Ivory Coast, Brazil, Ghana.
Potato is the most common of bulboplodnyh cultures. It is a valuable food crops, which also is the raw material for starch and syrup and the alcohol industry. By bulboplodnyh used as food crops include sweet potatoes also (sweet potato), yams, cassava, taro.
Geva cultural plantations, which are raw material for production of natural rubber, prevalent in South and Southeast Asia (Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand).
Among the known narcotic crops are tobacco and poppy, used in medicine. On the map Political tensions show the main opium growing areas of raw materials.
WORLD ECONOMY
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