South Asia occupies only 4% of the globe, but here are home to nearly 20% of the world. Overcrowding exacerbates a number of regional problems: poverty, backwardness, economic dependence on other countries, unemployment and illiteracy.
largest country in the region - India , only belongs to the agro-industrial countries, others are agrarian. Agriculture has extensive character, his inherent bahatoukladnist shortage of arable land and farmers. The key industries are crop production. Colonial past of the region is manifested in the agro-raw specific region in MPPU. India and Sri Lanka - the world's largest manufacturers and exporters of tea and spices. In Bangladesh account for 80% of the world jute and jute selling products, one of the major export earners of Pakistan of cotton goods.
India - one of the leaders among developing countries. She ranked first in coal production, fertilizers, cotton fabrics, animal and vegetable fats, the second largest iron ore mining, electricity and sugar, the third - for steel production and mining of manganese ore. The country produces equipment for nuclear power plants, spacecraft, computers and more. By the volume of GDP of India takes place in twenty countries, but this indicator per capita - only the second hundred. Leading branch of the Indian economy is agriculture. India - a country of ancient agricultural culture. In the agricultural sector employed 60% of the economically active population. By the volume of agricultural production state ranks fourth in the world. She's one of the largest producers of tea, peanuts, sugar cane, legumes, spices. In the territorial structure of the economy of India saved providna economic role of the four capital cities (Mumbai, Kolkata, Chennai and Delhi).
India - the most multicultural world. In it, by some estimates, there are over 500 nationalities and tribes, who use more than 800 languages and dialects.
South Asia region is very attractive to international tourists. So in Nepal (on the border with China) is the highest mountain in the world - G. Dzhomolungma (Everest). Many attractions offer tourists to India, Bhutan, Sri Lanka and Maldives.
Japan is vysokorozvynutoyu postindustrial countries, which occupies a leading position in world economic power and size of the GNP per capita.
Japan has an advantageous economic and geographical position at the center of the Asia-Pacific region, which has become a major economic centers of the world.
In Japan, all areas of modern developed economy. It combines high intensity of production, based on high technology and non-field, focused on high living standards. In industry, high levels of automation and robotics cybernation production, introduction of energy-saving technologies. An important feature of Japan's economy is the coexistence of a large number of small businesses with giant corporations. Six major industrial and financial groups control almost all spheres of economic life.
In the territorial structure of the country highlighted district high concentration of industry on the coast of the Pacific (Pacific industrial belt) and peripheral zone - the Sea of Japan coast. Limited resources of its own raw materials led to concentration of industrial production in areas closest to imported raw materials (east coast ports of Tokyo, Yokohama, Osaka and Kobe). It is here that formed the main industrial zone of the country, which produced 90% of industrial products. In the Pacific industrial belt holds about 70% of the population. Urban agglomeration Pacific coast (Tokyo - Yokohama, Osaka - Kobe - Kyoto, Nagoya) and located between the cities form a single system of urban settlements - Tokyo megalopolis (Tokaido), which is the largest in the world. It lives about 60 million people.
role of agriculture in the economy is small. It gives less than three percent of GDP of the country and provides only 70% of the population's needs for food. Japan - the world's largest importer of agricultural products. Major areas of specialization of agriculture: rice cultivation, fruit and vegetable growing and fishing. On the northeast coast and the Sea of Japan extends the so-called rice belt. Japan keeps fishing in all ocean areas. The country is a world leader in fishing and seafood.
MPPU in Japan is one of the world financial centers (15% of world foreign direct investment) and the largest manufacturer of science intensive production of high-technology industry ( Sony, Panasonic, Toshiba ). Country - the world's largest car manufacturer ( Toyota, Lexus , Honda, Nissan, Subaru ).
Asian Countries
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